Poland’s manufacturing PMI fell to 48.2 in December from 48.9 in November, the sharpest decline since August. The decline was due to a sharp decline in production and purchasing stocks, despite steady employment growth and a slowdown in the decline in new orders.
Domestic demand helped slow the pace of decline in new orders to the lowest in a year in December. However, export orders continued to decline, particularly in Germany, where industrial orders and retail sales fell.